Laparoscopy is a type of endoscope. Laparoscopic surgery is to make several small incisions with a diameter of 3 to 12 mm in different parts of the abdomen. Carbon dioxide gas is filled through these small incisions to open the abdominal cavity, which is convenient for the operation. Insert the camera lens, cold light source and various special surgical instruments. Under the good cold light source illumination, the camera system will photograph the organs in the abdominal cavity on the monitor, and the surgeon will operate the operation outside the abdominal cavity under the guidance of real-time video images. Instruments to perform operations such as exploration, electrocoagulation, hemostasis, separation and incision, and suturing of diseased tissues and organs, as shown in the following figure:
Laparoscopic surgical equipment usually includes medical monitors, endoscopic camera hosts, endoscopic cameras, medical cold light sources, optical cables, pneumoperitoneum machines, high-frequency electrosurgery and other equipment.
Laparoscopic instruments include: pneumoperitoneum needles, trocars and puncture needles, laparoscopes, retractors, forceps, scissors, titanium clips and titanium clips, suction devices, cuffs, pulverizers, electrodes, etc.
Operation steps of laparoscopic surgery: Usually, the patient is placed supine or lithotomy is placed on the operating table. After successful general anesthesia, a small 1cm surgical incision is made in the umbilicus and a pneumoperitoneum needle is inserted. Put the laparoscopic lens through the umbilical poke card to observe the situation in the pelvic and abdominal cavity. In other positions of the abdomen, three small surgical incisions of 0.5-1cm are selected, and these three incisions are operating holes. Through the operation hole, the laparoscopic instruments are penetrated into the pelvis and abdominal cavity of the patient, and routine gynecological surgical operations, such as total hysterectomy or ovarian surgery, are performed. The carbon dioxide gas in the abdominal cavity is removed, the poke card is pulled out, the small abdominal incision is sutured, and the entire operation is completed.