The basic structure of the arthroscope is an optical system, the center is the rod lens system for image acquisition, the surrounding is the optical fiber leading into the light source, and the outside is the metal protective sheath. By creating a tiny incision of about 0.8mm~1.0cm on the skin, placing the arthroscope into the joint, and connecting the endoscopic camera system and medical monitor behind it, the intra-articular morphology and lesions can be directly observed, and by using Special instruments for the treatment of intra-articular disease, thus avoiding many arthrotomies.
The basic components of an arthroscopy system:
1. Arthroscopy video surveillance system: It consists of arthroscope, cold light source and light guide, endoscopic camera, endoscopic camera, medical monitor, video recorder, etc.
2. Power planing system: control the host, foot switch, grinding head, planing knife, planing handle, etc.
3. Rinse the perfusion pump system: perfusion pump host, foot switch, input piping kit, etc.
4. Manual surgical instruments.
5. Radio frequency vaporization plasma surgery system or other solutions with the same function (monopolar, bipolar dual-use,): RF vaporization plasma surgery system host (single/bipolar dual-use), foot controller, probe bending device, etc.
Clinical application of arthroscopy system:
1. Diagnostic role
First, arthroscopy can be used to examine various lesions in the joint cavity, and to evaluate and record the conditions of various tissue structures in the joint in detail. Certain joint lesions, such as pigmented villonodular synovitis, have characteristic arthroscopic manifestations. A diagnosis is almost possible. At the same time, synovial fluid or diseased tissue can also be obtained, biopsied to obtain pathological tissue under arthroscopic monitoring, and further laboratory and pathological examinations.
However, in recent years, various non-invasive examinations have continued to develop, especially the development of imaging examinations such as B-ultrasound, CT and MRI. In clinical practice, arthroscopy, which is purely for diagnosis, has been used less and less. However, arthroscopy can observe and explore the lesions under direct vision, and has a certain magnifying effect, and dynamic observation is also possible, which has irreplaceable advantages. have application value.
2. Therapeutic effect
In addition to the treatment of various sports injuries, arthroscopy can also play an important role in the surgical treatment of arthritis. According to literature reports, arthroscopic techniques can be used in the diagnosis and treatment of various arthritis such as osteoarthritis, inflammatory joints, pigmented villonodular synovitis, crystalline arthropathy, infectious arthritis and traumatic arthritis. treat. For example, for various types of synovitis, arthroscopic synovectomy can be performed. In the knee joint, a posterior approach can be used to remove the synovial tissue in the posterior joint capsule to achieve the purpose of total joint capsular synovectomy. For bony joints, joint debridement can be performed to remove loose bodies, remove torn meniscus, and repair cartilage surfaces.
3. Extra-articular applications
Due to the advantages of small damage and quick recovery, arthroscopic technology is especially suitable for patients with high requirements for the morphology of the lesion site. Therefore, in recent years, it has been gradually extended to the treatment of extra-articular diseases. Following the advent of microscopic plate removal, removal of lateral epicondylitis and gluteal fascial contracture, the treatment of prepatellar bursitis, prepatellar bursa hematoma, subcutaneous hematoma, greater trochanteric bursitis, supraspinatus tendon calcification, Popliteal cysts, torticollis, and extra-articular cystic masses are also increasingly treated with arthroscopic surgery. The follow-up results showed that this therapy is simple and easy to operate, with small scars, mild reaction and quick recovery. It can not only achieve the same effect as open surgery, but also avoid the shortcomings of traditional treatment methods.
Arthroscopy can see almost all parts of the joint, which is more comprehensive than cutting the joint. Because the image is enlarged, it can see more accurately, and the incision is small, the trauma is small, the scar is less, the recovery is faster, and the complications are less. In some cases, after anesthesia, you can go to the ground, which is of great benefit to the patient's confidence in overcoming the disease. For the diagnosis of difficult joint diseases and the treatment of joint pain that has plagued patients for many years, arthroscopic surgery can often achieve immediate results.